Human Anatomy and Physiology Pharm-D 1st Year Notes are very important for Pharm.D first year students as this subject builds the base for clinical and hospital learning. The Human Anatomy and Physiology Pharm-D 1st Year Notes by PharMSkooL help students understand the structure and working of the human body in a clear and simple way.
The subject explains body systems such as skeletal, muscular, nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive systems. With the help of Human Anatomy and Physiology Pharm-D 1st Year Notes, students can easily link theory with real-life clinical cases. These notes are useful for exams, viva, and later subjects like pathology and pharmacology.
The Human Anatomy and Physiology Pharm-D 1st Year Notes are prepared as per the PCI syllabus and are suitable for Pharm.D students who want organised and easy-to-read content. Each topic is arranged in a proper flow so that learning becomes less stressful and more meaningful.
The syllabus given below is linked to the respective content so students can study topic-wise without confusion. Using this Human Anatomy and Physiology Pharm-D 1st Year Notes regularly can improve understanding and exam performance.
Chapter 1: General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System
General Anatomy
- Scope of anatomy and physiology
- Basic terminologies used in anatomy and physiology
- Description of the body: planes and anatomical terms
- Structure of cell: components and their functions
- Elementary tissues of human body
- Epithelial tissue
- Connective tissue
- Muscular tissue
- Nervous tissue
- Sub-types and characteristics of tissues
Musculoskeletal System
- Osseous system: Structure, composition and functions of skeleton
- Classification of joints
- Types of movements of joints
- Disorders of joints (definitions only)
Chapter 2: Haemopoietic System, Lymph, and Cardiovascular System
Haemopoietic system
- Composition and functions of blood
- Haemopoiesis
- Disorders of blood components (definitions only)
- Blood groups
- Clotting factors
- Mechanism of blood clotting
- Platelets
- Disorders of coagulation
Lymph
- Lymph and lymphatic system
- Composition of lymph
- Formation and circulation of lymph
- Spleen: structure and functions
- Disorders of spleen
- Disorders of lymphatic system (definitions only)
Cardiovascular system
- Anatomy of heart
- Functions of heart
- Blood vessels
- Pulmonary circulation
- Coronary circulation
- Systemic circulation
- Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- Cardiac cycle
- Heart sounds
- Blood pressure
- Maintenance and regulation of blood pressure
- Disorders (definitions only)
- Hypertension
- Hypotension
- Arteriosclerosis
- Atherosclerosis
- Angina
- Myocardial infarction
- Congestive heart failure
- Cardiac arrhythmias
Chapter 3: Respiratory, Digestive, and Nervous System
Respiratory system
- Anatomy of respiratory organs
- Functions of respiratory organs
- Mechanism and physiology of respiration
- Regulation of respiration
- Transport of respiratory gases
- Respiratory volumes and capacities
- Definitions of:
- Hypoxia
- Asphyxia
- Dybarism
- Oxygen therapy
- Resuscitation
Digestive system
- Anatomy and physiology of GIT
- Anatomy and functions of accessory glands of GIT
- Digestion
- Absorption
- Disorders of GIT (definitions only)
Nervous system
- Definition of nervous system
- Classification of nervous system
- Cerebrum: anatomy, physiology, and functional areas
- Cerebellum: anatomy and physiology
- Mid brain: anatomy and physiology
- Thalamus
- Hypothalamus
- Basal ganglia
- Spinal cord: structure and reflexes
- Mono reflex
- Poly reflex
- Plantar reflex
- Cranial nerves: names and functions
- Autonomic nervous system
- Sympathetic nervous system
- Parasympathetic nervous system
Chapter 4: Urinary, Endocrine, and Reproductive System
Urinary system
- Anatomy of urinary system
- Physiology of urinary system
- Formation of urine
- Renin-angiotensin system
- Juxtaglomerular apparatus
- Acid-base balance
- Clearance tests
- Micturition
Endocrine system
- Pituitary gland
- Adrenal gland
- Thyroid gland
- Parathyroid gland
- Pancreas
- Gonads
Reproductive system
- Male reproductive system
- Female reproductive system
- Hormones of reproduction
- Physiology of menstruation
- Spermatogenesis
- Oogenesis
- Sex determination (genetic basis)
- Pregnancy and its maintenance
- Parturition
- Contraceptive devices
Chapter 5: Sense Organs, Muscles, and Sports Physiology
Sense organs
- Eye
- Ear
- Skin
- Tongue
- Nose
Skeletal muscles
- Histology of skeletal muscle
- Physiology of muscle contraction
- Physiological properties of skeletal muscle
- Disorders of skeletal muscle (definitions only)
Sports physiology
- Muscles in exercise
- Effect of athletic training on muscles
- Muscle performance
- Respiration during exercise
- Cardiovascular system during exercise
- Body heat during exercise
- Body fluids and salts during exercise
- Drugs and athletics
In conclusion, Human Anatomy and Physiology Pharm-D 1st Year Notes are a strong foundation for every Pharm.D student and help in building clinical knowledge step by step.