Medicinal Biochemistry Pharm-D 1st Year Notes help students understand the chemical processes that occur inside the human body. The Medicinal Biochemistry notes by PharMSkooL form a bridge between biology and pharmacy.
The subject includes carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, enzymes, vitamins, and metabolism. Using Medicinal Biochemistry notes, students can understand how drugs interact with biological systems.
The Medicinal Biochemistry topics in this linked post are written according to the PCI syllabus and are useful for both theory exams and future clinical subjects. The explanations are simple and focused on exam-relevant points.
Chapter 1: Introduction to Biochemistry and Enzymes
- Introduction to biochemistry
- Cell and its biochemical organisation
- Transport process across cell membranes
- Energy-rich compounds
- ATP
- Cyclic AMP
- Biological significance of energy-rich compounds
- Enzymes
- Definition
- Nomenclature
- IUB classification
- Factors affecting enzyme activity
- Enzyme action
- Enzyme inhibition
- Isoenzymes
- Therapeutic applications
- Diagnostic applications
- Coenzymes
- Biochemical role
- Deficiency diseases
Chapter 2: Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism
- Carbohydrate metabolism
- Glycolysis
- Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle)
- HMP shunt
- Glycogenolysis
- Gluconeogenesis
- Glycogenesis
- Metabolic disorders of carbohydrate metabolism
- Diabetes mellitus
- Glycogen storage diseases
- Glucose tolerance test
- Galactose tolerance test
- Hormonal regulation of carbohydrate metabolism
- Lipid metabolism
- Oxidation of saturated fatty acids (β-oxidation)
- Ketogenesis
- Ketolysis
- Biosynthesis of fatty acids
- Lipid metabolism of cholesterol
- Hormonal regulation of lipid metabolism
- Defective metabolism of lipids
- Atherosclerosis
- Fatty liver
- Hypercholesterolemia
Chapter 3: Biological Oxidation, Protein and Nucleic Acid Metabolism
- Biological oxidation
- Coenzyme systems involved
- Electron transport chain (ETC)
- Mechanism in energy capture
- Regulation and inhibition
- Uncouplers of ETC
- Oxidative phosphorylation
- Protein and amino acid metabolism
- Protein turnover
- Nitrogen balance
- Catabolism of amino acids
- Transamination
- Deamination
- Decarboxylation
- Urea cycle
- Metabolic disorders of urea cycle
- Production of bile pigments
- Hyperbilirubinemia
- Porphyria
- Jaundice
- Metabolic disorders of amino acids
- Nucleic acid metabolism
- Metabolism of purine nucleotides
- Metabolism of pyrimidine nucleotides
- Protein synthesis
- Genetic code
- Inhibition of protein synthesis
- Mutation and repair mechanisms
- DNA replication
- Semiconservative model
- Onion peel model
- DNA repair mechanisms
Chapter 4: Clinical Chemistry and Organ Function Tests
- Introduction to clinical chemistry
- Cell composition
- Cell malfunction
- Role of clinical chemistry laboratory
- Kidney function tests
- Role of kidney
- Laboratory tests for normal kidney function
- Urine analysis
- Macroscopic examination
- Physical examination
- Quantitative tests
- Semiquantitative tests
- Tests for NPN constituents
- Creatinine clearance
- Urea clearance
- Determination of blood and urine creatinine
- Urea
- Uric acid
- Urine concentration test
- Urinary tract calculi (stones)
- Liver function tests
- Physiological role of liver
- Metabolic
- Storage
- Excretory
- Protective
- Circulatory functions
- Role in blood coagulation
- Tests for hepatic dysfunction
- Bile pigment metabolism
- Hepatic function tests
- Serum bilirubin
- Urine bilirubin
- Urine urobilinogen
- Dye tests of excretory function
- Tests based on abnormalities of serum proteins
- Selected enzyme tests
- Physiological role of liver
Chapter 5: Lipid Profile, Immunochemical Techniques, and Electrolytes
- Lipid profile tests
- Lipoproteins
- Composition and functions
- Determination of serum lipids
- Total cholesterol
- HDL cholesterol
- LDL cholesterol
- Triglycerides
- Immunochemical techniques
- Determination of hormone levels in serum
- Determination of protein levels in serum
- Use in endocrine diseases
- Use in infectious diseases
- Radioimmuno assay (RIA)
- Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA)
- Electrolytes
- Body water
- Body water compartments
- Water balance
- Electrolyte distribution
- Determination of electrolytes in body fluids
- Sodium
- Calcium
- Potassium
- Chlorides
- Bicarbonates
The syllabus is linked to the content so students can track what to study and revise easily. Regular study of Medicinal Biochemistry notes helps in subjects like pharmacology and clinical biochemistry. In conclusion, Medicinal Biochemistry Pharm-D 1st Year Notes are very useful for Pharm.D first year students to build a strong scientific base.